VectorPaint hex-nut diagrams: separate six-sided outline, circular hole and section convention

English translation of the Chinese original, translated on 2026-11-11. Original publication dates, attribution, code and version notes are retained.

Draw an invented simplified hex nut as separate face and sectional diagrams rather than filling it with spirals. Distinguish six-sided exterior, through-hole and sectioned material using original drawing units. VectorPaint supplies paths and objects; record calculations and section conventions externally. This is no mechanical standard, load analysis or machining file.

Define six vertices and one centre

For the face use centre (0,0), circumradius 200 and vertices (200,0), (100,100√3), (−100,100√3), (−200,0), (−100,−100√3), (100,−100√3). List them externally, then translate into the canvas, reversing mathematical y for downward canvas coordinates. Horizontal opposite sides are 200√3 apart, not the 400 circumdiameter. Label manual approximations and retain all six coordinates rather than calling six arbitrary bends regular.

Keep the hole within the material

Use a radius-80 hole sharing the centre. The hexagon’s inradius is 100√3≈173.205, so 80 stays inside every ideal side. Inspect unfilled circle and polygon before colouring, retaining material around the hole. This is no standard thread pitch diameter or bolt-fit calculation. Represent it through available contours or masks; a dark circular patch is a visual layer, not automatic transparency. Confirm actual output for transparent delivery rather than inferring a through-hole from a dark background.

Manage outer and hole boundaries separately

Close six exterior sides once and keep the hole as a separate inner boundary, without diagonal connectors from an outer corner. Number the sides, hide the hole to verify the exterior, then restore and inspect centring. Clarify hollowness if coin-like rather than adding glare, and avoid gear teeth. Optional bevel values establish no real bevel angle; the outer count remains six. Label the face schematic, without claiming it exposes all internal threads or drawing hidden helices through solid material.

Draw a separate central schematic section

In a separate group draw a central section along the face’s horizontal corner-to-corner direction. Use exterior width 400, invented thickness 120 and hole width 160. Material blocks flank the open passage with equal thickness; top/bottom lines must not cap the hole. Explicitly omit threads and bevels, with no claim of formal engineering notation. Retain the face diagram. Mark section direction there: a width of 400 is across opposite vertices, not opposite sides. The two views must use the same measurement direction.

Keep section hatching within material

Optional sparse diagonal hatching uses one angle/spacing in both material blocks and none in the passage. It is a declared illustration legend, not evidence of strength or alloy. For a plugged-looking hole inspect fill and stray hatching. If blocks seem separate parts, use the face correspondence to explain two regions of one ring-like body in section. Do not add a material bridge through the passage to show connection. Face highlights and section hatching serve different purposes and must not be copied as interchangeable decoration.

Test an off-centre copy

In a separate copy shift only the radius-80 hole 180 horizontally. Its rightmost x=260 exceeds the outer vertex x=200, so it breaks the exterior and cannot remain a fully enclosed hole. This specific counterexample does not claim every small offset fails. Mark the vector and breach, preserving the correct version. Restore centring and recheck all sides. Do not enlarge the exterior or paint over the breach to accommodate it. This is a manual geometric check, not automatic boundary prevention or mechanical-clearance analysis.

Inspect both views after export

Save and inspect PNG: six sides/one hole on the face, two material regions/open passage/thickness 120 in section. Keep both titles uncropped so the section is not mistaken for another part. Check hole backgrounds and hide unwanted manually drawn axes; inspect native-grid output directly. Reduce hatch density/contrast if it becomes a grey mass instead of filling the passage black. Inspect other formats separately, isolating masks/inner contours for a lost hole rather than falsifying dimensions.

Review directions, boundaries and legend

For mismatched width distinguish vertex-to-vertex from side-to-side; for an offset hole inspect centring; for a blocked section inspect passage marks; for excess sides inspect decoration. Recheck both views after a repair, not just the dimension label. Retain vertices, inradius limit, hole size, section direction, omissions and offset control with recalculable numbers. This explains boundaries of an invented simplified body, not a standard nut design, material test or manufacturing drawing, and guarantees no fastening performance or fit.